Punitive sentiment among the Shuar and in industrialized societies: cross-cultural similarities
نویسنده
چکیده
Cross-cultural diversity in economic game behavior has been cited as evidence that humans do not possess psychological adaptations specialized for cooperation in collective actions (CAs). In this paper, it is argued that such adaptations may, in fact, exist and that their design may be illuminated by the appropriate kinds of cross-cultural data. To exemplify an aspect of cooperation that may not vary cross culturally, data are provided suggesting that, in the CAs of Shuar hunter– horticulturists, punitive sentiment towards free riders takes a form similar to that which it takes in industrialized societies: It is experienced mainly by high contributors and directed mainly at CA beneficiaries who could have contributed highly but chose not to. If anti-free-rider punitive sentiment is essentially similar cross culturally, then it may be the product of a species-typical psychological mechanism specialized for such sentiment. How such a mechanism may have evolved is discussed. D 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
منابع مشابه
Economic Game Behavior Among the Shuar
P cross-cultural research on decisionmaking in economic games by Joseph Henrich and his colleagues (Henrich, Boyd, . . . McElreath 2004; Henrich, Boyd, . . . Henrich 2005) revealed both substantial variation across cultures and substantial deviation from the predictions of traditional economic models. Some of the most “selfish” behavior, as measured by offers in the ultimatum game, was observed...
متن کاملMate preferences among the Shuar of Ecuador: trait rankings and peer evaluations
A large body of research has examined sex differences in mate preferences, but very little of such work has been conducted in small-scale societies. Study 1 explored women's and men's mate preferences within a modern hunter-horticulturalist population in Amazonian Ecuador. In contrast to patterns documented in much of the existing literature, women and men from three Shuar villages were nearly ...
متن کاملScientific Illiteracy and the Partisan Takeover of Biology
May 2006 | Volume 4 | Issue 5 | e167 Americans have long been ambivalent about science. Confl icting attitudes toward science are not uncommon among industrialized countries— Canadians, Europeans, and Japanese, for example, also appreciate the benefi ts of science but worry about potential impacts on society. What sets Americans apart is that their reservations center primarily around religion....
متن کاملA comparative sociopragmatic analysis of wedding invitations in American and Iranian societies and teaching implications
Wedding invitations (WIs), as a uniquely socially and culturally constructed genre, provide a distinct opportunity to compare the sociocultural values of different speech communities as reflected in the textual content and organization of the different moves. Students can be exposed to this genre and its different moves using a genre-based pedagogy. Genre-based ped...
متن کاملSmall-scale societies exhibit fundamental variation in the role of intentions in moral judgment.
Intent and mitigating circumstances play a central role in moral and legal assessments in large-scale industrialized societies. Although these features of moral assessment are widely assumed to be universal, to date, they have only been studied in a narrow range of societies. We show that there is substantial cross-cultural variation among eight traditional small-scale societies (ranging from h...
متن کامل